CLOXACILLIN

Antibacterial Activity

Effective against Gram-positive cocci including the b-lactamase producers
Effective against some streptococci
Not effective against gram-negative & anaerobes

Pregnancy Risk Factor

Category B

Contraindication/Precaution

Hypersensitivity to cloxacillin or any penicillins or any component 
Use caution with patient who are allergic to cephalosporin, they could have an hypersensibility to penicillins
Use caution if impaired liver/renal function

Mechanism of Action

Selective inhibitors of bacterial cell wall synthesis, by inhibiting to penicillins binding proteins (PBP'S)

Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Metabolism: 
Partially by the kidney
Half-life: 
0.5-1.5 hours, change with renal/hepatic function.
Elimination: 
mostly excreted  in urine, and some in feces

Dosage

Children: (max 4g/day)

> 28 days old: 50-100 mg/kg/d IV/PO div qid

Adults:  

250-500 mg q6h IV/PO

Dosage In Renal Failure

Creatinine clearance (ml/min):
10: unchanged
10-50: unchanged
50-80: unchanged
>80: unchanged
Dialysis
Hemo: N/A
CAPD: N/A