CEFTIZOXIME

Antibacterial activity

Cephalosporin, third generation
Effective against most gram-negative 
Gram-positive coverage
Anaerobic coverage (no C. difficile coverage)

Pregnancy Risk Factor

Class B

Contraindication/Precaution

Hypersensitivity to ceftizoxime, other cephalosporins or any component
Use caution if previous penicillins hypersensitivity:  10% of patient may have cross-hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
Use caution with nursing mothers
Use caution if renal dysfunction or if other nephrotoxic agents present
Use caution if history of ATB related colitis
Safety and efficacy in children <6 months old have not been established Mechanism of Action Inhibits cell wall synthesis (bactericidal) Pharmacodynamics Metabolism: None Half-life:1.7 hours, changes with renal function Elimination: excreted in urine Dosage Children: (max 200 mg/kg/day) > 6 months old: 
33-66 mg/kg IM/IV q6-8h

Adults: (max 200 mg/kg/day)

0.5-2 g IM/IV q8-12h
If life threatening infections:
2 g IM/IV q4h or 
4 g IM/IV q8h

Dose VS renal function

Cr. clearance (ml/min):
<10: 500 mg IM/IV q48h 10-50: 250-500 IM/IV q12h 50-80: 500 mg q8h >80: unchanged

Dialysis
Hemo:  dosage should be timed so that a dose is given at the end of dialysis
CAPD: 0.5-1 g IM/IV qd