Amoxicilline

Antibacterial Activity

Effective against most gram-positive including enteroccoci
Effective against some gram-negative (eg. H. influenza, E. coli, salmonella, shigella, P. mirabilis)
Effective against some anaerobes
Not effective against  b-lactamase producing organisms

Pregnancy Risk Factor

Category B

Contraindication/Precaution

Hypersensitivity to amoxicillin or any penicillins or any component 
Use caution with patient who are allergic to cephalosporins, they could have an hypersensibility to penicillins
Use caution if EBV, CMV or LLA: may develop rash
Use caution if impaired renal function

Mechanism of Action

Selective inhibitors of bacterial cell wall synthesis, by binding to penicillins binding proteins (PBP'S)

Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Metabolism: 
Liver (partially)
Half-life: 
1 hour, change with renal function.
Elimination: 
excreted  in urine

Dosage

Children: (max 2 g/day

Body weight > 2000 g
8-28 days old:  30 mg/kg/d PO div bid
> 28 days old: 25-50 mg/kg/d PO div tid

Adults: 

250-500 mg PO q8h

Dosage In Renal Failure

Creatinine clearance (ml/min):
<10: same dose but q24h 10-50: same dose but q8-12h 50-80: unchanged >80: unchanged
Dialysis
Hemo: post dialysis dose=250 mg PO
CAPD: 250 mg PO q12h